Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41619776›Full record

ArticleInternational journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care2026

Systems leadership for quality in health care: from principles to actions.

Anurag Saxena, Graham Dickson, Carsten Engel, Vijay Agarwal, Zakiuddin Ahmed, Kirsten Armit, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Stewart Dickson, Peter Lachman, Susan Moffat-Bruce and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Anurag SaxenaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N0W8, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9375-9790
Graham DicksonFaculty of Management, Royal Roads University, Victoria, V9B5Y2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3677-545X
Carsten EngelQuality and Safety International Society for Quality in Health Care, Dublin, D02 H270, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-3625-3037
Vijay AgarwalCAHO Secretariat Consortium of Accredited Healthcare Organizations, Noida, 201303, India.
Zakiuddin AhmedQuality in Healthcare, Riphah Institute of Healthcare Improvement and Safety, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
Kirsten ArmitFaculty of Management, Bayes Business School, City St George's, University of London, London, EC1Y 8TZ, United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0007-6147-193X
Jeffrey BraithwaiteHealth Systems Research, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0296-4957
Stewart DicksonLEADS Global, Victoria, BCV9C 3P7, Canada.
Peter LachmanLeadership Quality Improvement and Patient SafetyRoyal College of Physicians of Ireland, Dublin, D02 X266, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-5120-5776
Susan Moffat-BruceOffice of the President, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, United States.
Ulfat ShaikhPediatrics and Healthcare Quality, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7311-1148
Siri WiigResearch Unit, SHARE-Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, 4036, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0186-038X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background: Improving quality and safety is a major concern in the complex adaptive system of healthcare. Hierarchical models of change have not been effective in moving the needle on the 60:30:10 challenge of appropriate, wasteful, and harmful care for more than three decades. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2030 action plan is a complex challenge requiring a different approach. The purpose of this study was to explore Systems Leadership (SL) concepts and practices to address challenges of implementing quality and safety improvement initiatives.

methods: Insights were gathered from international experts, researchers, and physicians alongside other participants through an international workshop, using the fishbowl method and an interactive World Health Leadership Network (WHLNet) broadcast on SL and quality/safety in healthcare in the third quarter of 2024. The summaries of expert presentations, fishbowl deliberations, and broadcast group discussions (notes, chat summaries and video recordings) were analyzed to generate themes.

results: The key challenges in translating SL concepts into concrete actions include the mindset of leaders, agency, and translating generalizations into practical actions. Suggestions for enacting SL include (i) embracing individual work (requiring a mindset change and exercise of agency) and (ii) enhancing collective (distributed and shared) leadership involving work at all levels in the system including national, sub-national, inter-organizational, and organizational levels. Work at inter-organizational and organizational levels includes conduits and networks for information flow and knowledge-sharing, collaborative relationships, and collaborative learning across the continuum of health professions' education. Organizational work includes leverage, safety culture, implementation, and resilience.

conclusions: Translation of SL into action plans involves leaders-both individual leaders and collective distributed leadership, engagement with multiple constituents and alignment of work at different levels of the system adjusted to complexity properties of self-organization, emergence and adaptation. These considerations and utilization of specific techniques and tools would assist the leaders in translating high-level concepts into concrete action plans.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareLeadershipQuality ImprovementQuality of Health CareHumansPatient SafetyWorld Health OrganizationComplexityHealthcare qualityPatient SafetySystems leadership

Identifiers

PMID41619776
PMCPMC13017012

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.