Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41619258›Full record

ArticleChemMedChem2026

pH-Responsive Isoprenoid-Antitumoral Polymer Conjugates for Superior Drug Loading via Self-Assembly and Endosomal-Targeted Anticancer Activity.

Camilla Passi, Tobias Neu, Nicole Schneider-Daum, Claus-Michael Lehr, Marc Schneider, Sangeun Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ChemMedChem, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Camilla PassiDepartment of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Materials and Processing, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Tobias NeuDepartment of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Nicole Schneider-DaumHelmholtz Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9319-2010
Claus-Michael LehrDepartment of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Marc SchneiderDepartment of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9260-7357
Sangeun LeeDepartment of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Materials and Processing, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-0637

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs) are a promising strategy to enhance the delivery of poorly soluble drugs, particularly in cancer therapy. By improving solubility and enabling site-specific accumulation, PDCs minimize systemic toxicity while maximizing therapeutic efficacy. PDCs often employ stimuli-responsive linkers, such as Schiff's bases, to achieve controlled drug release in tumor microenvironments or acidic intracellular compartments. In this study, we designed a novel PDC by conjugating the anticancer agent farnesal (Far) to ∈-Poly-L-Lysine (PL) via an imine bond, without using additional linkers. PL is a natural, biodegradable, water-soluble polymer with inherent anticancer properties, while Far is a hydrophobic isoprenoid with potent antitumor activity. The conjugate (Far-PL) displayed pH-responsive behavior, remaining stable at physiological pH but releasing drugs under acidic tumor (pH 6.5) and endosomal (pH 5.5) conditions. Far-PL exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells compared to its components alone, while showing reduced toxicity towards noncancerous cells (Arlo cells). The amphiphilicity allows the conjugate to self-assemble into stable nanoparticles with a positive surface charge, narrow size distribution, and 100% drug content-clearly exceeding conventional nanoparticles (5-10 wt%). This effective PDC design demonstrates strong potential to maximize tumor-selective activity while minimizing off-target effects, offering a promising platform for future cancer therapeutics.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersEndosomesFarnesolPolylysinePolymersA549 CellsCell ProliferationCell SurvivalDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug LiberationDrug Screening Assays, AntitumorHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMolecular StructureStructure-Activity RelationshipAntineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersFarnesolPolylysinePolymersantitumor agentsdrug deliverynanotechnologypH‐responsive drug deliverypolymer‐drug conjugate

Identifiers

PMID41619258
PMCPMC12860526

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.