Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41619149›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Antipsychotic Drug Prescriptions for Transition-Age Youth on the Autism Spectrum.

Teal W Benevides, Jessica Rast, Brian Lee, Kristy Anderson, Jonas Ventimiglia, Jennifer E Jaremski, Jennifer Poon, Edward S Brodkin, Lindsay Shea

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Teal W BenevidesSchool of Public Health, Department of Community and Behavioral Health Sciences, Augusta University, 2500 Walton Way, Science Hall W-3016, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. tbenevides@augusta.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-2628
Jessica RastA.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-130X
Brian LeeA.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-8034
Kristy AndersonFlorida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Jonas VentimigliaA.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jennifer E JaremskiSchool of Public Health, Augusta University, Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-6152
Jennifer PoonMedical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Edward S BrodkinPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-7838
Lindsay SheaA.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-0355

Funding

HRSA HHS UT6MC45902
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeResearch questions included: (1) What are rates of on- versus off-label prescribing among transition age youth and young adults on the autism spectrum (with and without intellectual disability [ID]) compared to similar-aged youth with ID and a comparison group? (2) What types of antipsychotics are prescribed to transition-age youth, and what factors are associated with prescribing ?

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2019 U.S. Medicaid data from all states, DC, and Puerto Rico to evaluate antipsychotic prescribing in four transition-age groups aged 14-29y: autistic youth with ID (n = 108,892) and without ID (n = 218,484), an ID-only group (n = 193,733), and a comparison group without autism or ID (n = 269,819).

resultsAlmost half of autistic youth with ID were prescribed an antipsychotic (45%), compared to 22% of autistic youth, 19% of youth with ID, and 3% of youth with no autism or ID. Among youth taking any antipsychotic, off-label prescribing was highest for autistic youth with ID. Autistic youth with ID were more likely to be prescribed both typical and atypical antipsychotics compared to youth without autism or ID. Young adults 18-29y were significantly more likely to be prescribed atypical and typical antipsychotics compared to youth 14-17y.

conclusionPrescribing of antipsychotics for individuals with developmental disabilities is high, particularly for those with ID. Additional research on prescribing reasons and prescriber characteristics is needed. Well-controlled longitudinal studies evaluating the short-term and long-term consequences of antipsychotic prescribing on autistic people across the lifespan is required.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAntipsychoticAutism spectrum disorderMental healthTreatment

Identifiers

PMID41619149

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.