Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41618839›Full record

ArticleOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2026

Heterogeneity in Survival Over Time by Age, Sex, and Subsite in Early-Onset Oral Cavity Cancer.

Mateo Useche, Hosam H Alkhatib, Cristina P Rodriguez, Lauren Shih, Jay J Liao, Neil Panjwani, Neal Futran, Emily Marchiano, Rocco Ferrandino, Brittany Barber

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mateo UsecheDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-7620
Hosam H AlkhatibDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Cristina P RodriguezDivision of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Lauren ShihDivision of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Jay J LiaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Neil PanjwaniDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Neal FutranDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Emily MarchianoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Rocco FerrandinoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Brittany BarberDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Funding

Clinician-Scientist Research Education and Training in OtolaryngologyR25DC021791 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Jay T. Rubinstein, Jennifer S. Stone · 2024 to 2026
$1.6M
NIDCD NIH HHS R25 DC021791
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo understand temporal trends in presentation and survival among patients with early-onset oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (EO-OCSCC). STUDY

designRetrospective cohort study.

settingNational Cancer Database (NCDB), 2004 to 2022.

methodsAdult patients younger than 50 years diagnosed with OCSCC in the NCDB. Annual case distributions by subsite, sex, and stage were modeled with logistic regression, reporting odds ratios (ORs) per calendar year over time. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses assessed 5-year overall survival (OS), stratified by age group, subsite, and stage.

resultsAmong 178,140 OCSCC cases, 21,630 (12.1%) were EO-OCSCC with median age of 44 years. Tongue was the most common subsite (66.9%) and increased over time (OR/year = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04). Female cases rose steadily (OR/year = 1.01; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02), narrowing the male-female gap. Advanced-stage disease increased by 5% annually in tongue tumors and 3% in non-tongue tumors. Five-year OS was higher in tongue (73.7%) than non-tongue tumors (61.5%, P < .001) and improved over time, with annual reductions in mortality risk of 1.1% for tongue and 1.9% for non-tongue tumors. By age group, survival was highest for patients 20-29 years and lowest for those 40-49 years.

conclusionEO-OCSCC is increasingly presenting as tongue primaries and in female patients, with a rising burden of advanced-stage disease. Despite this unfavorable shift, survival has improved modestly across subsites, ages, and stages, underscoring the heterogeneity of EO-OCSCC and the need for earlier detection and awareness.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellMouth NeoplasmsAdultAge FactorsAge of OnsetFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesSex FactorsSurvival RateUnited Statesage and sex disparitiesearly‐onset oral cavity cancersquamous cell carcinomasurvival heterogeneitytemporal trendstumor subsiteyoung

Identifiers

PMID41618839
PMCPMC13148349

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.