Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41615286›Full record

ArticleHealth services research2026

Changes in Emergency Department Payer Mix Among Children Following Medicaid Unwinding in Texas.

Theodoros V Giannouchos, Nima Khodakarami, Daniel Marthey, Laura Dague, Benjamin Ukert

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Theodoros V GiannouchosDepartment of Health Policy and Organization, School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1574-6767
Nima KhodakaramiDepartment of Health Policy and Administration, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Daniel MartheyDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Laura DagueDepartment of Public Service and Administration, Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Benjamin UkertDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2337-9573

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine trends in children's emergency department (ED) visits' payer mix before and after Texas initiated Medicaid unwinding. STUDY SETTING AND

designWe conducted a retrospective, secondary data analysis of children's ED visits in Texas, aggregated at the facility level. We analyzed trends in ED visit payer mix before and after Texas initiated unwinding and employed an interrupted time series design to examine the association between unwinding and ED visit payer mix. DATA SOURCES AND ANALYTIC SAMPLE: We used data from the Texas Emergency Department Public Use Data Files encompassing all children's ED visits between 2021 Q2 and 2024 Q2 and included 7.6 million visits from 472 facilities. PRINCIPAL

findingsAverage quarterly visits per facility increased from 1225.2 at baseline to 1254.8 visits during the post-unwinding period (p < 0.001). The average share of quarterly Medicaid visits declined by 11.7% (-7.2 pp.; from 64.3% to 57.1%, p < 0.001) in the post- relative to the pre-unwinding period. This decline was split between a 12.5% increase in the average share of quarterly ED visits attributed to commercial plans (3.4 pp.; from 26.0% to 29.4%, p < 0.001) and a 45.2% increase in the share attributed to uninsured children (3.8 pp.; from 6.9% to 10.7%, p < 0.001).

conclusionsUnwinding was associated with decreased ED visit share for Medicaid among children, while commercial and uninsured ED visit shares increased.

Indexed as

Emergency Room VisitsEmergency Service, HospitalMedicaidChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesTexasUnited Statesaccesschildrencoveragehospitalsmedicaid unwindingrevenue

Identifiers

PMID41615286
PMCPMC12857445

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.