Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41614495›Full record

Observational studyEuropean stroke journal2026

Survival after wake-up stroke and unknown-onset stroke-a nationwide observational study from the Norwegian Stroke Registry.

Mary-Helen Søyland, Arnstein Tveiten, Agnethe Eltoft, Halvor Øygarden, Torunn Varmdal, Bent Indredavik, Ellisiv B Mathiesen

Erratum issuedAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in European stroke journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mary-Helen SøylandDepartment of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway.
Arnstein TveitenDepartment of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway.
Agnethe EltoftDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Halvor ØygardenDepartment of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway.
Torunn VarmdalDepartment of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Bent IndredavikDepartment of Medical Quality Registries, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Ellisiv B MathiesenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe risk of death increases significantly after stroke as shown in previous studies from the general stroke population; however, specific knowledge regarding survival after wake-up stroke and unknown-onset stroke is lacking. We aimed to report short- and long-term survival after ischaemic stroke, by mode of onset, using data from a high-quality nationwide stroke registry. PATIENTS AND

methodsData from the Norwegian Stroke Registry for the period 2014-2023 were retrieved to assess short- and long-term survival after first-ever ischaemic stroke. Short-term survival was defined as surviving the first 30 days after stroke, and long-term survival was examined in 30-day survivors. Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities were estimated at 30 days, 1, 3 and 5 years after stroke for all patients and stratified by mode of onset: known-onset stroke, wake-up stroke and unknown-onset stroke. The relationship between mode of onset and all-cause mortality was assessed using multivariable regression models.

resultsOf the 68,025 patients included, 45,084 had known-onset stroke, 12,429 wake-up stroke and 10,512 unknown-onset stroke. The 30-day survival rate was 91.3% for known-onset stroke, 92.4% for wake-up stroke and 91.7% for unknown-onset stroke, while 5-year survival rate among 30-day survivors was 65.4%, 67.6% and 60.4%, respectively. For 30-day survivors, using known-onset stroke as reference group, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality in the total observation period for wake-up stroke was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.95-1.04), P = .778 and for unknown-onset stroke the HR was 1.19 (95% CI, 1.14-1.25), P < .001.

conclusionShort-term survival was similar across all modes of onset, while unknown-onset stroke was associated with poorer long-term survival.

Indexed as

Ischemic StrokeStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedNorwayRegistriesSurvival Ratecerebrovascular disease/strokeepidemiologyischaemic strokemortalityregistrysurvivalunknown-onset strokewake-up stroke

Identifiers

PMID41614495
PMCPMC12866631

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.