Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41614490›Full record

ArticleEuropean stroke journal2026

Associations of chronic kidney disease with recurrent stroke in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage.

Philip S Nash, Simon Fandler-Höfler, Gareth Ambler, Hatice Ozkan, Larysa Panteleienko, Rom Mendel, Wenpeng Zhang, Lena Obergottsberger, Linda Fabisch, Gerit Wünsch and 6 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European stroke journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Philip S NashUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2428-1575
Simon Fandler-HöflerUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-9043-0378
Gareth AmblerDepartment of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-5322-7327
Hatice OzkanUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-1656-4559
Larysa PanteleienkoUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-7342-2488
Rom MendelUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0007-0308-4990
Wenpeng ZhangUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-8748-3962
Lena ObergottsbergerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID 0009-0001-5583-7647
Linda FabischDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID 0009-0007-2720-6083
Gerit WünschInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID 0009-0007-3076-3390
Hans Rolf JägerLysholm Department of Neuroradiology and the Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6403-4184
Christian EnzingerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID 0000-0001-9764-7617
David C WheelerDepartment of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0745-3478
Robert J SimisterComprehensive Stroke Service, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0578-6711
Thomas GattringerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-6065-6576
David J WerringUCL Stroke Research Centre, Department of Applied Neuroscience and Stroke, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent comorbidity of patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and is associated with more severe cerebral small vessel disease. Whether CKD is associated with recurrent stroke after ICH is unknown. PATIENTS AND

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2 comprehensive stroke centres, collecting data from consecutive patients with ICH. Patients with secondary causes of ICH were excluded. We defined CKD according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definitions, namely 2 measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ≥ 3 months apart. The primary outcome was time to any stroke (recurrent ICH or ischaemic stroke), investigated using Cox regression adjusted for age, sex and comorbidities. Outcomes were confirmed by neuroimaging review.

resultsA total of 1062 patients (mean age 68 ± 14 years, 45% female) with ICH were included, 239 with CKD. Over a median (IQR) follow-up of 2.3 (0.7-5.0) years, there was a higher rate of any stroke in the CKD group, 8.4 (95% CI, 6.2-11.1) events per 100 person-years vs 4.4 (3.6-5.3) events in the group with normal eGFR (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.75: 95% CI, 1.23-2.50, P = .002). CKD was also independently associated with both recurrent ICH (aHR 1.81: 95% CI, 1.15-2.85) and ischaemic stroke (aHR 1.78: 95% CI, 1.06-3.01).

conclusionPatients with ICH and CKD are at increased risk of recurrent ICH and ischaemic stroke compared to those with normal eGFR. Further research is needed into this high-risk patient group to identify new prevention treatments.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageRenal Insufficiency, ChronicStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorscerebral small vessel diseasechronic kidney diseaseintracerebral haemorrhageintracerebral haemorrhage aetiologyischaemic stroke aetiologyrecurrent stroke

Identifiers

PMID41614490
PMCPMC12866628

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.