Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41614392›Full record

ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2026

Knowledge, Attitudes and Sources of Information About Adverse Drug Reactions-A Survey Study Among Patients and Healthcare Professionals in Poland.

Magdalena Niedzielko, Iwona Kiersnowska, Lucyna Kwiećkowska, Agata Maciejczyk, Marcin Kruk, Anna Arcab, Monika Trojan, Anastazja Markowska, Alicja Baranowska, Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Magdalena NiedzielkoDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-1340
Iwona KiersnowskaDepartment of Propaedeutics of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5615-367X
Lucyna KwiećkowskaDepartment of Propaedeutics of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2485-5834
Agata MaciejczykPolish Society of Pharmacovigilance, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2420-3121
Marcin KrukPolish Society of Pharmacovigilance, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4073-8233
Anna ArcabPolish Society of Pharmacovigilance, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9729-8096
Monika TrojanPolish Society of Pharmacovigilance, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7722-0020
Anastazja MarkowskaPolish Society of Pharmacovigilance, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4622-2781
Alicja BaranowskaMunicipal Hospital in Siemianowice Śląskie, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0558-4194
Dagmara Mirowska-GuzelDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6294-3256

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOur study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and information sources about adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and non-healthcare professionals (non-HCPs) in Poland.

methodsA self-administered questionnaire was designed in two versions (non-HCPs and HCPs). The questionnaire, available in electronic and paper format, was distributed between August 2023 and April 2024 using various means, including HCP and patient organisations, senior citizens centres, and community pharmacies. The anonymous survey included a series of statements regarding ADRs and single- and multiple-choice questions.

resultsAnswers collected from 981 non-HCPs and 481 HCPs were analysed. Most respondents correctly identified the essential aspect of the ADR definition regardless of their medical education (non-HCP, n = 700 (71.36%) vs. HCP, n = 346 (71.93%) p = 0.818). Still, few respondents in both groups identified additional elements of the definition, with less than one-third of HCP respondents believing an ADR can result from improper medication use (non-HCP, n = 338 (34.45%) vs. HCP, n = 128 (26.61%) p = 0.002). Most respondents did not identify a "common ADR" as defined in the current rules of communicating about the frequency of ADRs. Most respondents indicate a lack of specific information in summary of product characteristics or package leaflet, with only 15.46% (n = 226) stating that they believe nothing is missing from those resources.

conclusionsOur survey results show the need to effectively educate HCPs and non-HCPs on ADRs. Exploring ways to communicate about ADRs may help patients and HCPs better understand the risks of pharmacotherapy and their role in the pharma covigilance system.

Indexed as

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelAdultAdverse Drug Reaction Reporting SystemsAgedAttitude of Health PersonnelFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPharmacovigilancePolandSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultadverse drug reactionscommunicationdrug safetyhealthcare professionals' knowledgepatients' knowledgepharmacovigilance

Identifiers

PMID41614392
PMCPMC12856821

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.