Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41613615›Full record

ArticleHealth affairs scholar2026

Fewer screens, greater needs: housing insecurity and healthcare costs for transgender patients in a safety-net system.

Aaron S Breslow, Gray Babbs, Elizabeth Cavic, Iby Thomas, Isabella Gibaldi, Ana M Progovac, Arjee Restar, Ginette M Sims, Jonathan Alpert, Benjamin Lê Cook and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health affairs scholar, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Aaron S BreslowPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2894-7485
Gray BabbsDepartment of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02903, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4060-571X
Elizabeth CavicPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0533-8436
Iby ThomasDepartment of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8167-1693
Isabella GibaldiAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
Ana M ProgovacDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8011-9305
Arjee RestarDepartments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-8198
Ginette M SimsPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
Jonathan AlpertPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-908X
Benjamin Lê CookPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-0806
Kevin P FioriDepartment of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1370-7366
Samantha LevanoDepartment of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9761-2596
Earle C ChambersPRIME Center for Health Equity, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-0556

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Routine screening for health-related social needs (HRSNs) is inconsistent, creating disparities in who gets identified and supported. Transgender patients, already facing structural stigma, may be especially affected. Methods: We analyzed electronic health records from a large urban safety-net system (2018-2023). We identified 2639 transgender patients with at least one outpatient visit and created a ∼11:1 comparison cohort of 23 944 cisgender patients. Overall, 7.5% ( Results: Transgender patients were screened less often than cisgender patients (5.9% vs 7.7%, Conclusion: Transgender patients were underscreened yet faced greater HRSNs. Standardized screening and expanded supports are critical to support transgender communities.

Indexed as

disparitieshealthcare costshealth-related social needshousingsafety-net healthcare systemtransgender

Identifiers

PMID41613615
PMCPMC12849370

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.