ReviewFrontiers in oncology2025
Precision immunotherapy with CAR-T cells in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: advances and unanswered challenges.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking treatment for pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), especially for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. CD19-targeted CAR T cells, such as tisagenlecleucel, have demonstrated high rates of complete remission and long-lasting responses in clinical trials. However, challenges such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), antigen escape, and T-cell exhaustion hinder its broader clinical application. Recent advances aim to overcome these obstacles by using multi-targeted CAR-T constructs (e.g., CD19/CD22), creating armored CAR-T cells with enhanced cytokine signaling, and developing optimized combination therapies. Next-generation approaches, including universal CAR-T cells and microenvironment-responsive designs, show promise in improving efficacy and safety. Despite these innovations, further research is needed to refine manufacturing processes, reduce costs, and improve long-term outcomes. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of CAR-T therapy for pediatric B-ALL and discusses critical challenges and future directions in the field.
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