Case Report: Diagnosis of bronchopulmonary candidiasis-refractory airway hyperresponsiveness, severe pneumonia, and normal serological markers.

Background: Bronchopulmonary candidiasis is a clinically common type of pulmonary fungal disease, primarily caused by infection with Candida species (mostly Methods: This paper reports two cases of bronchopulmonary candidiasis. The first case presented with bronchitis-type manifestations. Imaging studies showed no evidence of severe pneumonia, but the patient had persistent airway hyperresponsiveness that led to difficulty in weaning from mechanical ventilation. Results: Serological markers for fungal infection were normal in both patients, but pathogen cultures from BALF revealed Conclusion: This report indicates that the clinical manifestations of bronchopulmonary candidiasis may be atypical relative to radiological and serological indicators. Although a single positive BALF culture is insufficient for definitive diagnosis, its integration with clinical characteristics can provide a crucial diagnostic clue. These cases thus provide valuable reference points for clinical diagnosis, though definitive validation through histopathological examination remains necessary.