ArticleAnnals of African medicine2026
Sodium Fluoride Varnish, Silver Diamine Fluoride, and Herbal ( Solanum trilobatum [fruit] and amla) Silver Nanoparticle Varnish Antibacterial Activity against Streptococcus mutans.
Article in Annals of African medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionDental caries affects both primary and permanent dentitions. This study was done to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of Solanum t rilobatum (fruit) amla silver nanoparticle (AgNP) varnish, sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish, and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) against streptococcus mutans in the prevention of dental caries. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this in vitro investigation, 48 dentine blocks coated with saliva, obtained from extracted primary molars exhibiting deep carious lesions, were inoculated with a monospecies biofilm of S . mutans . These biofilms were nourished with 10% sucrose-enriched brain-heart infusion broth, administered four times daily over a 7-day period. Following the biofilm maturation phase, the dentine blocks were divided into four groups ( n = 12 each) and treated with one of the following test agents: Group A was treated with 38% SDF, Group B received 5% NaF varnish, Group C was treated with amla silver nanoparticle fluoride (ASNF), and Group D was treated with S. trilobatum (fruit) AgNP varnish. Postapplication, the samples underwent at 48-h incubation for 37ºC, after that assessments were conducted to measure the zones of inhibition produced by each treatment agents.
resultsAfter being treated with SDF and the AgNP varnish product, S . mutans count was drastically reduced ( P < 0.05). Conversely, SDF indicated maximum antibacterial action followed by amla AgNP varnish and least with NaF varnish ( P < 0.05).
conclusionHerbal AgNP varnish antibacterial activity is equally effective and can be proposed to use.
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