ArticleScientific reports2026
SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein forms complexes with soluble complement regulatory proteins that can bind to the virion.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of Maternal COVID-19 Infection Versus Vaccination on Mucosal Immunity in Breastmilk.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 VHH and C7C peptide fused with Angiopep-2 efficiently traverse blood-brain barrier model and neutralizes virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Increased anti-nucleocapsid secretory IgA and consumption of complement component 3 in post-COVID syndrome patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein has been detected in the plasma of COVID-19 patients, and its levels in the plasma correlate with the severity of the disease. It is also an immunomodulatory protein, triggering the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Complement system dysregulation in COVID-19 patients led us to hypothesize that either nucleocapsid protein or spike protein might interact with the proteins of the complement system, mainly complement regulatory proteins (CRPs). We demonstrate that the nucleocapsid protein, but not the spike protein, binds to multiple CRPs, including C1-inhibitor, C4-binding protein, factor H, and vitronectin. The nucleocapsid protein binds to both the recombinant spike protein and the SARS-CoV-2 virions. We further demonstrated that the virion-nucleocapsid-CRP complex could be formed. Recruitment of the CRPs on SARS-CoV-2 virion mediated by nucleocapsid protein deserves further investigation to reveal complement modulation strategies of SARS-CoV-2.
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