Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41611642›Full record

ArticleJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2026

Online and Mobile Application Diet Information for Food Chemical Intolerances: An Evaluation of the Content, Quality and Health Literacy Demand.

Annabel K Clancy, Kirsty Leray, Neelam Pun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Online and Mobile Application Diet Information for Food Chemical Intolerances: An Evaluation of the Content, Quality and Health Literacy Demand.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Annabel K ClancySchool of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-1766
Kirsty LerayDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
Neelam PunDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo quantify the content, understandability, actionability, readability, and overall quality of food chemical intolerance dietary information for patients available online and via mobile applications.

methodsContent analysis was undertaken between August 2023 and August 2024 of eligible webpages and mobile applications. Online material was evaluated for quality using the DISCERN tool, clarity using the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention's Clear Communication Index and health literacy demand using the Patient Education Material Assessment Tool and the Hemingway readability calculator. Mobile applications were evaluated for quality using the Mobile App Rating Scale.

resultsA total of 169 websites and four mobile applications were eligible for analysis. Almost all (95%) resources recommended an elimination diet for the management of food chemical intolerance, but only 56% advised food reintroduction. Overall, diet information regarding food chemical intolerance found online and in mobile applications was mostly of poor quality. Information found online was also of low clarity and written with a high health literacy demand. Of the information scored as being of good quality, these were written by health/medical organisations and dietitians.

conclusionFuture revision and development of online and mobile applications should aim to improve the quality and reduce the health literacy demand of food chemical intolerance diet information. Additionally, online information and applications should include food reintroduction instructions, as prolonged dietary restrictions, especially without supervision, may increase the risk of nutrient deficiencies and disordered eating behaviours, and impact quality of life.

Indexed as

Consumer Health InformationDietHealth LiteracyInternetMobile ApplicationsPatient Education as TopicDigital MediaElimination DietsHumanse‐healthfood additivefood hypersensitivityfood intolerancehealth literacynutrition education

Identifiers

PMID41611642
PMCPMC12855169

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.