Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41610452›Full record

ArticleInternational wound journal2026

Occurrence, Definition and Risk Factors Related to Groin Wound Complications Following Open Vascular Surgeries.

Andreas L H Gerken, Yuting Jiang, Christel Weiß, Lillian Schmoll, Johannes Eberhard, Christoph Reißfelder, Martin Sigl, Klaus Amendt, Kay Schwenke

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International wound journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. [Clinical evaluation and repair strategies for complex inguinal wounds].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2026
    Article
  3. Postoperative outcomes of ligasure use during common femoral artery exposure.Journal of vascular surgery cases and innovative techniques · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Andreas L H GerkenDivision of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Yuting JiangDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Christel WeißDepartment of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Lillian SchmollDivision of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Johannes EberhardDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Christoph ReißfelderDepartment of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Martin SiglDivision of Angiology, Interdisciplinary Vascular Center, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Klaus AmendtDivision of Angiology, Interdisciplinary Vascular Center, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Kay SchwenkeDivision of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Open femoral vessel access is commonly performed in vascular surgery, but surgical site complications (SSCs) occur frequently. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and identify potential risk factors by applying a new standardised definition and grading of various types of groin wound complications. This retrospective analysis includes 201 consecutive patients with 219 vertical groin incisions to expose the femoral vessels for different vascular interventions. A prophylactic drain was placed intraoperatively in almost all incisions (91%). Groin SSCs were defined and graded into four categories according to a modified Clavien-Dindo classification. Potential risk factors were evaluated using univariable analysis. For multivariable analysis, a multiple logistic regression was performed. Cutoff values were determined through ROC analysis. According to the proposed definition, regular postoperative course grade 0 (no SSC) occurred in 163 patients (74.4%), grade 1 (minor SSC) in 10 (4.6%), grade 2 (moderate SSC) in 14 (6.4%), and grade 3/4 (major or life-threatening SSC) in 32 (14.6%) incisions. The incidence of clinically relevant SSCs (grade 2-4) was 21%. Drainage volume was an independent parameter that predicted relevant SSCs with a threshold value of 70 mL/24 h on postoperative day 4 (sensitivity 100%; specificity 67%; AUC = 0.835; p = 0.0004). Groin wound complications following vascular procedures are common. Lymphatic leakage appears to be the most significant, potentially preventable condition associated with relevant SSCs. Prophylactic or early therapeutic interventions should focus on reducing lymphatic morbidity.

Indexed as

GroinPostoperative ComplicationsSurgical Wound InfectionVascular Surgical ProceduresAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsendarterectomylymphocelepostoperative complicationssurgical wound infectiontreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID41610452
PMCPMC12854729

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.