Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41610383›Full record

ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2026

Brain-Resident MAIT Cells Infiltrate GL261 Tumors, and Activated MAIT Cell Signatures Are Associated With Improved Outcomes in Glioma.

Eleanor M Eddy, Md Abdullah Al Kamran Khan, Timothy Patton, Davide Moi, Huimeng Wang, Jeremy P Le, Michael N T Souter, Adam G Nelson, Phoebe M Dewar, Shihan Li and 6 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Eleanor M EddyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Md Abdullah Al Kamran KhanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3484-6333
Timothy PattonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Davide MoiPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.
Huimeng WangDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Jeremy P LeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Michael N T SouterDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Adam G NelsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Phoebe M DewarDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Shihan LiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
James McCluskeyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Roberta MazzieriPeter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and.
Riccardo DolcettiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Zhenjun ChenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Alexander D BarrowDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.
Alexandra J CorbettDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1618-4337

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesMucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unconventional T cells with emerging roles in antitumor immunity. Their phenotype in the brain and potential role in immunity to gliomas-including lower-grade (WHO grades I and II) and higher-grade gliomas such as grades III and IV (glioblastoma)-remain poorly defined.

methodsWe assessed the role of MAIT cells in glioma using publicly available transcriptomic data from patient cohorts. We then characterized MAIT cells in the mouse brain using flow cytometry and assessed their impact on survival and on other immune cells in the murine GL261 model of high-grade glioma. We tested previously developed methods to activate and expand MAIT cells in mice for their effect on brain MAIT cells.

resultsAnalysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed an association between a gene signature of activated, but not naïve, MAIT cells and improved survival in patients with grade III glioma. In mice, MAIT cells were predominantly brain-resident and infiltrated GL261 tumors where they produced IL-17 and IFN-γ. Notably, MAIT cell-deficient DISCUSSION: Overall, this study supports a protective role for a population of brain-resident MAIT cells in glioma and highlights their potential involvement in immune surveillance of the CNS. Our findings also lay a foundation to explore the therapeutic modulation of MAIT cells in the brain.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaMucosal-Associated Invariant T CellsAnimalsBrainCell Line, TumorHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMinor Histocompatibility AntigensMinor Histocompatibility Antigens

Identifiers

PMID41610383
PMCPMC12858332

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.