Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41608737›Full record

ArticleResuscitation plus2026

Effect of a grace period on false alarm rates of smartwatch-based out-of-hospital cardiac arrest detection systems: a pilot study.

Roelof G Hup, Chaimae Bouchnaf, Myrthe A Plaisier, Fatuma M A Omar, Tobias A Machiavello, Sophie L M van Spreuwel, Hanno L Tan, Xi Long, Rik Vullings

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Resuscitation plus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Roelof G HupDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Chaimae BouchnafDepartment of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Myrthe A PlaisierHuman Technology Interaction Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Fatuma M A OmarDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Tobias A MachiavelloDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Sophie L M van SpreuwelDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Hanno L TanDepartment of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Xi LongDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Rik VullingsDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aim: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of mortality, and rapid treatment is life-saving. Early detection is crucial to promptly start the chain of survival, leading to increasing interest in smartwatch-based OHCA detection. Introducing a grace period, during which the wearer can cancel a false alarm before emergency medical services (EMS) are notified, may improve system reliability. This study evaluates how this grace period affects false alarm rates. Methods: In this study, 26 participants wore smartwatches that produced auditory, tactile or audiotactile alarms at random times during daytime, while instructed to cancel these alarms as quickly as possible. Response times were registered by the smartwatch, alongside demographic and time-of-day data. Bayesian time-to-event analysis assessed the effects of alarm type, time of day, and demographic variables. Results: (Audio)tactile alarms significantly shortened response times compared to auditory-only alarms (HR 0.475, 95% CI: 0.38-0.59). Grace periods of 10 and 20 s would result in 98.3% (95% CI: 97.1-99.0%) and 99.6% (95% CI: 99.2-99.9%) of the (audio)tactile alarms being canceled, respectively. No clear evidence was found for meaningful effects of time of day, age or sex. Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest that the application of a grace period to smartwatch-based OHCA detection systems may potentially reduce false alarms reaching EMS with only minor delays. Further research is warranted in a larger implementation set-up.

Indexed as

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrestSudden cardiac deathTelemedicineUser-computer interface

Identifiers

PMID41608737
PMCPMC12835406

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.