ArticleWorld journal of clinical oncology2026
Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 expression in initial gastric tumors predicts multiple cancer development: A pilot study.
Article in World journal of clinical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWe have previously reported that the cancer/testis antigen Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) is frequently expressed in gastric cancer (GC), with a particularly high positivity rate observed in patients with multiple GCs. Thus, we conducted a preliminary study to further investigate the relationship between KK-LC-1 expression and multiple GCs. Specifically, we aimed to explore the potential clinical utility of KK-LC-1 as a biomarker for identifying patients at risk of developing multiple gastric cancers, with a focus on its expression in the initial tumor lesions.
aimTo investigate the association between KK-LC-1 expression and the development of multiple GCs in a preliminary cohort.
methodsAmong 124 patients (177 lesions) treated for GC at Toho University Medical Center Ohashi Hospital between September 2020 and November 2023, 109 (single cancer: 82; multiple cancers: 27) with available initial tumor specimens were enrolled. KK-LC-1 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry, and clinicopathological correlations were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Tumor locations were classified anatomically and analyses were performed, focusing on the initial cancer sites.
resultsIn tumors located in the upper stomach, KK-LC-1 expression did not correlate with clinicopathological features. However, in the middle and lower stomach, KK-LC-1 expression was significantly associated with older age, differentiated histological types, and multiple cancers. Notably, all patients with multiple GCs had KK-LC-1-positive tumors (100%) in their initial lesions. The KK-LC-1 positivity rate in the initial tumors of multiple cancers in the middle and lower region was significantly higher than that in solitary cancers. Conversely, the absence of KK-LC-1 expression in a solitary tumor located in the middle and lower region may suggest a reduced risk for the subsequent development of multiple primary cancers.
conclusionKK-LC-1 expression in the initial gastric tumors, particularly in the middle and lower stomach regions, may serve as a predictive biomarker for the future development of multiple GCs.
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