ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2025
Pediatric testicular microlithiasis: a review of epidemiology, risk associations and management.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Testicular microlithiasis is defined by the presence of five or more randomly distributed hyperechogenic microliths, each measuring less than 3 mm in diameter, observed in a single ultrasound scan. Histologically, testicular microlithiasis is characterized by multiple laminated calcifications within seminiferous tubules. The underlying cause of these calcifications is not yet fully understood. The exact prevalence of testicular microlithiasis in children remains uncertain and continues to be a topic of debate. These calcifications can occur either independently or in association with various benign conditions, malignant pathologies, or specific congenital disorders. Whether these associations are causal or coincidental remains unclear. The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of TM in children, with emphasis on its histological characteristics, underlying mechanisms, and contributing factors, and to investigate its association with testicular malignancy in order to propose a pragmatic follow-up approach based on current guideline recommendations.
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