Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41608095›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of diabetes2026

Combined effects of glycemic status and adiposity on cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease: A nationwide population-based study.

Eun Hui Bae, Sang Yup Lim, Bong Seong Kim, Kyungdo Han, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Eun Mi Yang, Chang Seong Kim, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim

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In one paragraph

Article in World journal of diabetes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Eun Hui BaeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Sang Yup LimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15355, South Korea.
Bong Seong KimDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea.
Kyungdo HanDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea.
Sang Heon SuhDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Hong Sang ChoiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Eun Mi YangDepartment of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Chang Seong KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Seong Kwon MaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
Soo Wan KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea. skimw@chonnam.ac.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity and diabetes are well-established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and their coexistence is particularly detrimental in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the interactions between various adiposity patterns and glycemic status in influencing CVD outcomes in CKD remain inadequately defined.

aimTo evaluate the combined effects of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) on CVD risk.

methodsWe analyzed data from 1714859 adults with CKD sourced from the Korean National Health Insurance database. Participants were classified into three glycemic groups: Normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM). BMI and WC were further categorized into five and six levels, respectively. Incident CVD events and all-cause mortality were assessed across the combined categories of glycemic status and adiposity. Incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios were computed using Cox proportional hazards models.

resultsA significant interaction was identified between glycemic status and adiposity indices concerning CVD risk (

conclusionCardiovascular risk is jointly influenced by glycemic status and adiposity, with diabetes consistently elevating risk across all BMI and WC categories, underscoring the importance of their assessment in CKD.

Indexed as

Body mass indexCardiovascular diseaseChronic kidney diseaseDiabetes mellitusObesityWaist circumference

Identifiers

PMID41608095
PMCPMC12835983

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.