Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41607756›Full record

ReviewWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2026

Clinical applications of indocyanine green fluorescence for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Gaetano Piccolo, Matteo Barabino, Laura Benuzzi, Giampaolo Formisano, Paolo Pietro Bianchi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Gaetano PiccoloDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan 20142, Lombardy, Italy. gpiccolo1983@gmail.com.
Matteo BarabinoDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan 20142, Lombardy, Italy.
Laura BenuzziDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan 20142, Lombardy, Italy.
Giampaolo FormisanoDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan 20142, Lombardy, Italy.
Paolo Pietro BianchiDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, Milan 20142, Lombardy, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past ten years, numerous papers have been published on the use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence in liver surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are many different applications. The first involves targeting superficial tumors in patients with macronodular cirrhosis and an irregular liver surface. In a minimally invasive setting, the lack of tactile feedback on the hepatic surface makes detecting subcapsular HCC with ultrasound alone challenging. ICG fusion images can mimic the tactile feedback of the hand and act as an ultrasound booster. ICG fluorescence can be used to evaluate tumor residues after minimally invasive thermal ablation. ICG fluorescence imaging can also be used to identify the grade of HCC early on and evaluate the microinvasive component.

Indexed as

Fluorescence patternsHepatocellular carcinomaIndocyanine green fluorescenceLaparoscopic thermal ablationMinimally invasive liver resectionTumour characteristics

Identifiers

PMID41607756
PMCPMC12836152

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.