Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41607319›Full record

ReviewJournal of oral & facial pain and headache2026

Peripheral nerve blocks for primary and secondary headache disorders: review of current evidence and a practical approach.

Sophie McGough, Linford Fernandes, Luis Idrovo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of oral & facial pain and headache, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sophie McGoughDepartment of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK.
Linford FernandesDepartment of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1575-8776
Luis IdrovoDepartment of Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2599-485X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Headache is prevalent, disabling, and a frequent neurological referral in the healthcare system. Clinic-based procedures have evolved in recent years to play an important role in headache medicine, with growing evidence on the safety, tolerability and efficacy of peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs). Despite novel headache therapies, PNBs are still widely used in headache services to treat primary and secondary headache disorders, including cluster headache and other trigemino-autonomic cephalalgias, migraine, occipital neuralgia, and other less frequent headache disorders. We aim to provide an update of the current evidence and a practical approach for delivering the most common PNBs used in clinical practice. We aim to describe PNBs indications, contraindications, injection locations and techniques, drug constituents, and potential pitfalls.

Indexed as

Headache DisordersHeadache Disorders, PrimaryHeadache Disorders, SecondaryNerve BlockPeripheral NervesHumansChronic migraineCluster headacheCorticosteroidsGreater occipital nervePeripheral nerve blocksSecondary headache disorders

Identifiers

PMID41607319
PMCPMC12853162

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.