Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41607108›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine2026

Effects of nine sedative-analgesic combinations on fatigue after gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomized controlled 3 × 3 factorial trial protocol.

Lei Huang, Li-Na Xu, Ling-Yu Kuai, Wen-Hu Gui, Lin-Lin Liu, Jun Lv, Fu-Hai Ji, Ke Peng

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lei HuangDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Li-Na XuDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Ling-Yu KuaiDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Wen-Hu GuiDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Lin-Lin LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Jun LvDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Fu-Hai JiDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6649-665X
Ke PengDepartment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2879-1759

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPost-procedural fatigue is common after sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy and prolongs recovery. We describe a protocol for a prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled, 3 × 3 factorial trial to evaluate the effects of different sedative-analgesic combinations on patient-reported fatigue after gastrointestinal endoscopy. PATIENTS AND

methodsThree hundred and fifteen patients (aged ≥ 45 years, ASA physical status I or II) presenting for gastrointestinal endoscopy with planned intravenous sedation will be randomly allocated (1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1; block sizes 9 and 18) to one of nine equip-sized groups generated by the factorial combination of three sedatives (propofol, ciprofol, remimazolam) with three adjuvant analgesics (sufentanil, esketamine, lidocaine). Sedation will be titrated to Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scores of 1-2. The primary outcome is the Christensen Fatigue Scale score (range 1-10; higher = worse) 30 min after the procedure. The secondary outcome is the composite incidence of intra-procedural hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg) and hypoxemia (SpO DISCUSSION: The results of this trial will provide high-resolution evidence on which sedative or analgesic agent most effectively mitigates early post-endoscopy fatigue, thereby informing patient-centered sedation choices and enhancing recovery.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2500112657; registered on November 18, 2025).

Indexed as

AnalgesicsEndoscopy, GastrointestinalFatigueHypnotics and SedativesAgedDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropofolProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnalgesicsHypnotics and SedativesPropofolanalgesicfactorial designgastrointestinal endoscopyPostoperative fatiguesedative

Identifiers

PMID41607108
PMCPMC12863068

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.