ArticleParasites & vectors2026
Sex ratios influence spatial occupancy and kinematic stability of Anopheles coluzzii mosquito swarms.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMalaria mosquitoes reproduce in mating swarms. Previous studies have reported a pronounced activity peak in male mosquito swarms immediately following simulated sunset, typically lasting around 20 min. This peak represents the main swarm formation, where several mosquitoes concentrate above visual markers and maintain prolonged flight activity. However, most studies rely on laboratory setups with balanced or single-sex swarms, which do not reflect the male-biased sex ratios observed in the field.
methodsIn this study, we studied swarming behavior of male and female Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes in five sex ratios (male-only 1:0, male-biased 3:1, balanced 1:1, female-biased 1:3, female-only 0:1) using three-dimensional infrared videography to quantify spatial structure of swarms and flight speed of individual mosquitoes. For each ratio, we analyzed changes in spatial arrangement and flight speed through time and between conditions.
resultsSwarm volume varied following a quadratic trend (
conclusionsThese results demonstrate the influence of sex ratio on swarm kinematics and support the use of machine learning for behavioral classification in mosquito ecology.
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