Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41606628›Full record

ReviewGenome biology2026

Rational engineering of combinatorial bacterial therapies for cancer.

Paige Steppe, Katherine O'Connor, Jeff Hasty

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genome biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Paige Steppe *Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, United States.
Katherine O'Connor *Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, United States.
Jeff HastyDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, CA, United States. jhasty@ucsd.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineered bacteria are emerging as a transformative class of cancer therapeutics. Recent advances in synthetic biology have expanded the genetic circuit toolbox, enabling the programmable control of attenuation, payload release, and immunomodulation. These developments have transformed bacteria from simple, colonizing agents into a versatile chassis for complex therapeutic functions. In this review, we examine recent circuit-based strategies for enhancing tumor specificity, regulating therapeutic delivery and engaging the host immune system, with emphasis on programming spatiotemporal control and consortia behavior. We consider current barriers to clinical translational and discuss how rational engineering can guide the next generation of microbial therapeutics.

Indexed as

BacteriaGenetic EngineeringNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansImmunotherapySynthetic BiologyTumor MicroenvironmentBacteriaCAR-TCell therapyImmunotherapySynthetic BiologyTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41606628
PMCPMC12924237

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.