Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41606023›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Experimental investigation and thermodynamic correlation of chlordiazepoxide solubility in supercritical CO₂.

Nedasadat Saadati Ardestani, Adel Noubigh, Nadia Esfandiari, Seyed Ali Sajadian, L Antonio Estévez

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nedasadat Saadati ArdestaniPetroleum Engineering Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran.
Adel NoubighCenter for Scientific Research and Entrepreneurship, Northern Border University, Arar, 73213, Saudi Arabia.
Nadia EsfandiariDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Marv.C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
Seyed Ali SajadianDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran. seyedali.sajadian@gmail.com.
L Antonio EstévezDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, 00681-9000, Puerto Rico. antonio.estevez@upr.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the solubility of chlordiazepoxide in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) at pressures ranging from 12 to 30 (MPa) and temperatures ranging from 308 to 338 (K). The measured solubilities ranged from 19.8 to 576 parts per million (ppm), or mole fractions of 0.0198 × 10⁻³ to 0.576 × 10⁻³. We used two equations of state (SRK and ECM-PR), enlarged liquid models, and semi-empirical analysis to assess the experimental data. Applying these models to the experimental solubility data of the chlordiazepoxide-SCCO₂ system revealed that Chrastil’s empirical models best aligned with the two sets of data. An important step in understanding the system’s behavior was applying the SRK and UNIQUAC models to the drug’s solubility data. Density-dependent empirical models, particularly the Chrastil correlation (AARD% = 5.30, R² = 0.996) and the UNIQUAC model (AARD% = 6.12), provided the highest predictive accuracy for chlordiazepoxide solubility in SCCO₂. In contrast, cubic EoS models (SRK and ECM-PR) exhibited significant deviations, with AARD% values approaching 20%, suggesting their limited reliability for this system. The UNIQUAC model indicated excellent accuracy, with AARD% of 6.12 and R2 of 0.981 in correlating solubility data of this binary system.

Indexed as

ChlordiazepoxideSolubilitySupercritical CO₂Thermodynamic models

Identifiers

PMID41606023
PMCPMC12909806

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