In one paragraphSynthesis in International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
29 authors.
Vega Pratiwi PutriInstitute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5294-0884 Neshika SamarasekeraInstitute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6840-0199 Tom J MoullaaliInstitute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6786-3623 Saketh JampanaEdinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Sam SchulmanDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8512-9043 Georgios TsivgoulisSecond Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0640-3797 Maria PikilidouSecond Department of Nephrology, Hypertension Excellence Center, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-9456-3175 Li-Kai TsaiDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei.
Phyo Kyaw MyintAgeing Clinical and Experimental Research (ACER) Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3852-6158 Tiberiu A PanaAgeing Clinical and Experimental Research (ACER) Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1423-8111 Barbara CasollaStroke Unit, CHU Pasteur 2, Université Cote d'Azur, UMR2CA, Nice, France.
David GaistResearch Unit for Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-5205-7007 Catharina J M KlijnDepartment of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Arnstein TveitenDepartment of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Norway, Kristiansand, Norway.
Ming LiuDepartment of Neurology, Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Mangmang XuDepartment of Neurology, Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8885-0306 Bo WuDepartment of Neurology, Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
David WerringStroke Research Centre, Department of Translational Neuroscience and Stroke, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2074-1861 Philip S NashStroke Research Centre, Department of Translational Neuroscience and Stroke, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2428-1575 Gargi BanerjeeStroke Research Centre, Department of Translational Neuroscience and Stroke, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0190-7782 Linxin LiWolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3636-8355 Rustam Al-Shahi SalmanInstitute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2108-9222 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) survivors are at increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACE) compared with population controls; however, little is known about the annual rates and risk factors for MACE.
methodsWe searched Medline, Embase, and trial registries systematically in April 2024 for studies of adults with ICH, reporting either a MACE composite outcome or both ischemic and hemorrhagic outcomes, with at least one year of follow-up. We excluded studies limited to secondary ICH or isolated non-ICH intracranial hemorrhages. We used the QUIPS tool to assess studies' risk of bias. The primary outcome was the rate of MACE. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the annual event rate (per 100 person-years, expressed as %) for each outcome. We conducted subgroup analyses and meta-regression to explore heterogeneity.
resultsWe included 26 studies, involving 198,289 ICH survivors. Individual studies' reported annual rate of MACE ranged 4.2-14.6%. The pooled annual rate of recurrent ICH was 2.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.7-2.6; 26 studies; I DISCUSSION: The rates of recurrent ICH and ischemic stroke were comparable among ICH survivors, but evidence about other MACE outcomes remains limited. An individual participant data meta-analysis is needed to investigate the predictors of MACE outcomes, which may help inform risk stratification and prognosis among ICH survivors.
Indexed as
Cardiovascular DiseasesCerebral HemorrhageStrokeHumansRisk FactorsIntracerebral hemorrhageMACEprognosisstrokestroke recurrencesystematic review
Identifiers
PMID41605872
PMCPMC13291413
What OpenQuestion holds
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LicenceCC BY
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