Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41604271›Full record

SynthesisInquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing

Assessing the Impact of Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Video Games on Improving Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Saeideh Goharinejad, Salime Goharinezhad, Khadijeh Moulaei, Björn Krüger, Thomas Spittler

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Saeideh GoharinejadFaculty of European Campus Rottal-Inn (ECRI), Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Pfarrkirchen, Germany.
Salime GoharinezhadSchool of Health and Care Management, Arden University, Coventry, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8565-3606
Khadijeh MoulaeiHealth Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Björn KrügerDepartment of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1596-6487
Thomas SpittlerFaculty of European Campus Rottal-Inn (ECRI), Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Pfarrkirchen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often debilitating, with current treatments limited by low adherence, high costs, and accessibility issues. Innovative technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and therapeutic video games provide immersive environments that may improve treatment outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of these approaches and explored their potential advantages over traditional methods. A comprehensive search of PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane identified relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled effect sizes (Hedges' g), and heterogeneity was evaluated with the

Indexed as

Augmented RealityStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVideo GamesVirtual RealityFemaleHumansMaleaugmented realitygamificationPTSDvideo gamesvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41604271
PMCPMC12852585

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.