Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41603242›Full record

ArticleTransfusion medicine (Oxford, England)2026

Systemic barriers to donation for African, Caribbean and Black communities: A qualitative key informant study.

Jennie Haw, Joyeuse Senga, Dzifa Dordunoo, Biba Tinga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jennie HawDonation Policy and Studies, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-5705
Joyeuse SengaSchool of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Dzifa DordunooDepartment of Anthropology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Biba TingaSickle Cell Disease Association of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

This research received funding support from Canadian Blood Services, funded by the federal government and the provincial and territorial ministries of health.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveFor many blood collection agencies (BCAs), meeting the transfusion needs of people living with sickle cell disease, a genetic condition that causes sickling of red blood cells, is a priority but also a challenge because of a lack of diversity in the donor base. To help address this challenge, this study aimed to understand systemic barriers to donation from the perspectives of African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) community leaders. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A qualitative study informed by a community-based participatory research approach was conducted with 10 ACB community leaders across Canada. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants from February to March 2023. Topics explored included community involvement and priorities, perspectives on racism and discrimination, and perspectives on blood and other forms of donation including challenges to donation and recommendations for addressing challenges. Interviews were audio-recorded with participants' consent, transcribed, and uploaded to NVivo for analysis. Data analysis was guided by an interpretive descriptive and thematic analytic approach.

resultsOur analysis demonstrates how differing sociocultural views on blood donation, mistrusting BCAs as an extension of healthcare systems, and experiences of deferral criteria as exclusionary are constructed as barriers to donation for some ACB people and communities.

conclusionsEasing deferral criteria was recommended by key informants as a necessary step towards addressing a significant barrier to donation; however, even with the removal of a permanent deferral, its legacy and impact on affected communities may remain. Recommendations include that BCAs collaborate with ACB community groups to address these barriers.

Indexed as

Black PeopleBlood DonationBlood DonorsAdultAfrican PeopleCanadaCaribbean PeopleFemaleHumansMaleQualitative Researchcommunity‐based participatory researchdonorskey informantsqualitative methodssystemic barriers

Identifiers

PMID41603242
PMCPMC13475296

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.