ArticleiScience2026
Shared historical refugia and genetic diversity hotspots of co-distributed species on the Qinghai Tibet plateau.
Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is a global biodiversity hotspot, yet the distribution of genetic diversity hotspots in co-distributed species remains poorly understood. Here, we integrate genomic data from three co-distributed endemic species (plateau pika and two snowfinches) on the QTP, with ecological niche models (ENMs) based on paleoclimate data to identify shared genetic diversity hotspots. Our results reveal a consistent northeast-to-southwest decline in genetic diversity, with a shared hotspot located in the northeastern QTP. ENMs further suggest that these species shared glacial refugia in this region during the last glacial maximum, followed by post-glacial expansions into the central plateau, resulting in similar spatial patterns of genetic diversity. Differences in genetic differentiation, demographic history, inbreeding depression, and genetic load suggest species-specific evolutionary responses to historical climate fluctuations. Overall, our study highlights the importance of protecting hotspots of shared genetic diversity across multiple species to preserve their evolutionary potential.
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