Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41602482›Full record

ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026

Protective Efficacy of a Hemagglutinin-Based mRNA Vaccine Against H5N1 Influenza Virus Challenge in Lactating Dairy Cows.

Huihui Kong, Jiaxin Yang, Jianzhong Shi, Pengfei Cui, Xianying Zeng, Wenyu Liu, Xijun He, Xianfeng Zhang, Lei Chen, Yichao Zhuang and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Huihui KongState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358
Jiaxin YangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jianzhong ShiState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4580
Pengfei CuiState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9449
Xianying ZengState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Wenyu LiuState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Xijun HeNational High Containment Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0427
Xianfeng ZhangNational High Containment Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9486
Lei ChenState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Yichao ZhuangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Yan WangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jinming MaState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jiaqi LiState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Yaping ZhangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Congcong WangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6481
Chen HeState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jiongjie LiState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jinyu YangHarbin Weike Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Jinxiong LiuState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Pucheng ChenState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Yuntao GuanNational High Containment Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6993
Zhigao BuState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9242
Yongping JiangState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.
Hualan ChenState Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, People's Republic of China.ORCID https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus has spread to over 1,080 dairy farms across 18 states in the United States, resulting in 41 human infections and posing serious risks to both animal and public health. To address these risks, a hemagglutinin-based mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine was developed, and its safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in high-yielding lactating dairy cows were evaluated. The vaccine was well tolerated, had no adverse effects on health or milk production, and induced strong antibody responses. Two weeks after the second immunization, all the immunized cattle were fully protected against a high-dose H5N1 virus challenge. Notably, two-thirds of the cattle were still completely protected even at the 19th week after the first vaccination, when their serum antibody levels were very low. These data demonstrate that the mRNA vaccine confers robust, lasting protection against H5N1 virus in lactating dairy cows, providing a foundation for clinical trials.

Identifiers

PMID41602482
PMCPMC12833822

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.