SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Preclinical evidence of ginkgo biloba extract on diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Nine-Week Co-Supplementation with Sugarcane Wax Alcohol (Policosanol), Phosphatidylserine, andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes, which is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has shown effectiveness in DN animal models and represents a promising therapeutic candidate. However, a comprehensive preclinical meta-analysis remains to be conducted, and the dose-time effect of GBE in the treatment of DN has not been evaluated. Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness, mechanism and dose-time effect of GBE for DN by systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Seven databases (PubMed, Web of science, Embase, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases) were searched in this systematic review up to July 2025. Study quality was assessed using SYRCLE bias risk tool. STATA 14.0 software was employed to evaluate fasting blood glucose serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen 24-h urine protein (24 h Upro), kidney index and indicators related to inflammatory response, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and glycolipid metabolism. The dose-time effect of Ginkgo biloba extract was evaluated by three-dimensional dose-time-effect analysis. Results: 30 pertinent articles were included in the meta-analysis. Comparative analysis revealed that GBE exhibited statistically significant effect in reducing FBG, SCr, BUN, 24 h Upro, and KI. Furthermore, it also improved inflammatory indicators such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as oxidative stress indicators like superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidation capability (AOC) and glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px). Additionally, GBE showed positive effect in alleviating fibrosis and reducing serum total cholesterol (TC) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The dose-time-effect diagram showed that the rational dose of GBE for DN treatment was 36-200 mg/kg/d for 8-12 weeks. Conclusion: GBE may delay the progression of DN through multimodal mechanisms, including inhibition of inflammatory responses, attenuation of oxidative stress, suppression of fibrotic pathways, and modulation of glycolipid metabolism. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420250652386.
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