Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41601586›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) removal with activated carbon using

G F Earl, L A Stevens, W Li, C E Snape

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

G F EarlDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0342-9754
L A StevensDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK.
W LiDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK.
C E SnapeDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a toxic and environmentally persistent class of chemicals that are associated with a myriad of adverse health effects in humans. Activated carbon is an effective material for the removal of PFAS at water treatment plants, but there is a necessity to find new, superior coal-derived and biomass-derived forms, due to the increasing accumulation of PFAS in treatable water sources and the need to shift to biomass-derived adsorbent usage to offset the carbon emissions released during their production. Additionally, current methods of PFAS detection and quantification utilise expensive and laborious analytical techniques, such as liquid-chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, four commercial activated carbons (CAC-1, CAC-2, CAC-3 and CAC-4) had their chemical/textural properties characterised and had their PFAS removal performances investigated using four different PFAS types (PFBS, PFHxA, PFOA AND PFOS), with detection and quantification conducted with

Identifiers

PMID41601586
PMCPMC12833916

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.