ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Sensory processing sensitivity, anxiety, and short-term heart rate variability in older adults living at high southern latitudes: a brief report.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Populations living at high southern latitudes are under-represented in aging and psychophysiology research, despite distinctive environmental stressors (long winters, marked seasonality, isolation). Objectives: To test associations between SPS, anxiety, and HRV in community-dwelling older adults living at high southern latitudes. Methods: We enrolled 101 older adults (mean age 71 years; 72% women) from CADI-UMAG. SPS was measured with the 27-item Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) and anxiety with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI, clinical cut-off ≥16). HRV (5-min artifact-free) was recorded at rest and after a 2-min step/knee-raise test. Bayesian hierarchical models (medians, 95% CrI, pd, ROPE, BF10) accounted for within-subject correlation and seasonality. Results: HSPS was positively associated with anxiety: a 1-SD increase in HSPS corresponded to a 0.422-SD increase in BAI. Seasonality showed strong evidence for a null effect (BF10 = 0.08). BAI showed no meaningful associations with resting HRV indices-RMSSD (BF10 = 0.046), SDNN (0.200), HF (0.070), LF (0.032), VLF (0.038)-and HSPS did not moderate BAI-HRV links nor HRV responses to exercise (e.g., ΔRMSSD-BAI median 0.003; ROPE = 100%). Conclusions: In older adults living at high southern latitudes, SPS appears to be associated with anxiety but not to conventional short-term HRV markers, suggesting SPS may reflects psychological vulnerability rather than parasympathetic dysfunction detectable with brief HRV recordings. These findings highlight the need for context-aware mental-health strategies for highly sensitive older adults in understudied southern populations.
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