Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41600867›Full record

ArticleViruses2026

Tetraspanin CD9 Is a Positive Regulator of Filovirus Egress.

Loveleena K Anand, Marija A Djurkovic, Ariel Shepley-McTaggart, Olena Shtanko, Ronald N Harty

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Loveleena K AnandDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-9357-8399
Marija A DjurkovicIntegrated Biomedical Science Program, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8449-146X
Ariel Shepley-McTaggartDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Olena ShtankoHost-Pathogen Interactions, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Drive, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9848-8870
Ronald N HartyDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6596-0414

Funding

Role of Host Filamin Proteins in Regulating Filovirus Entry and EgressR21AI175849 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HARTY, RONALD N · 2023 to 2024
$480k
The Extracellular Matrix as a Determinant of Filovirus Infectivity.R21AI187982 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HARTY, RONALD N · 2025 to 2025
$480k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI175849NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI187982
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Filoviruses, including Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses, are zoonotic pathogens that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans, with mortality rates reaching up to 90%. Filovirus egress and spread are driven by the viral matrix protein VP40 and regulated both positively and negatively by a growing number of specific host interactors. Here, we identify tetraspanin protein CD9, a plasma membrane organizing and scaffolding protein, as playing a role in facilitating efficient egress of EBOV and MARV. Indeed, we observed a significant decrease in viral egress of VLPs and live filoviruses from CD9-KD cells as compared to that from WT cells. Moreover, exogenous expression of CD9 rescued egress of VP40 VLPs close to WT levels in the CD9-KD cells. These findings identify tetraspanin CD9 as a positive regulator of filovirus egress, and thus CD9 may represent a potential new target for antiviral therapies targeting the late stage of the filovirus lifecycle.

Indexed as

EbolavirusFiloviridaeMarburgvirusTetraspanin 29Virus ReleaseAnimalsCell LineHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansViral Matrix ProteinsCD9 protein, humanTetraspanin 29Viral Matrix ProteinsVP40 protein, virusEbolafilovirusMarburgtetraspanin CD9virus–host interactionVLP egress

Identifiers

PMID41600867
PMCPMC12846451

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.