Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41600847›Full record

ArticleViruses2026

Longitudinal Wastewater-Based Epidemiology Reveals the Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Genotype Diversity of Diarrheal Viruses in Urban Guangdong, China.

Shuling Li, Jiadian Cao, Yuxi Yan, Wenwen Deng, Yuwei He, Siling Xiang, Chuting Zeng, Heshi Long, Shuxian Li, Qiao Yao and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Shuling LiSchool of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Jiadian CaoGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.ORCID 0009-0004-5433-0993
Yuxi YanGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Wenwen DengGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Yuwei HeGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Siling XiangGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Chuting ZengGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Heshi LongGuangdong Provincial Institution of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
Shuxian LiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Qiao YaoNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
Biao ZengGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.ORCID 0009-0002-8507-9944
Baisheng LiGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1842-316X
Song TangGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3219-1422
Jing LuSchool of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82574220Talent Support Program of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Z-QT202409055, 0720240122the National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Foundation No. 2023NITFID202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Following the normalization of the COVID-19 pandemic, the focus of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) must be broadened from SARS-CoV-2 to encompass surveillance of other major infectious diseases, particularly for pathogens where conventional clinical monitoring systems exhibit inherent surveillance gaps. In this study, we conducted a continuous two-year WBE study (January 2023 to December 2024) across three high-population-density cities in Guangdong, China to establish epidemiological baselines for enteric diarrheal viruses. We analyzed monthly raw wastewater samples from major treatment plants using advanced molecular methods, including digital PCR (ddPCR) for viral load quantification and targeted high-throughput sequencing (tNGS) for genotypic analysis. Our findings revealed diverse circulation patterns among the monitored enteric viruses. Astrovirus (AstV) had the highest detection rate (100%), reflecting its broad endemic distribution, while Norovirus genogroup II (NoV GII) exhibited relatively high viral loads (median 4 × 10

Indexed as

DiarrheaWastewaterWastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringChinaCitiesGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansLongitudinal StudiesNorovirusPhylogenySapovirusSeasonsSpatio-Temporal AnalysisViral LoadWastewaterAstrovirusdiarrheic virusesNoroviruspathogen surveillancewastewater-based epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID41600847
PMCPMC12846444

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.