Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41600826›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

The Interaction Between Orientin and the Spike of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico and Experimental Approach.

Gabriel Cavalcante Pacheco, Michele de Sá Ribeiro, Camila Silva de Magalhães, Fabiana Avila Carneiro

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gabriel Cavalcante PachecoNúcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia-NUMPEX-BIO, Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0002-7636-3708
Michele de Sá RibeiroLaboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Herta Meyer, Centro de Pesquisa em Medicina de Precisão, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-3563-5228
Camila Silva de MagalhãesNúcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Computação-Numpex-COMP, Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2226-9938
Fabiana Avila CarneiroNúcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia-NUMPEX-BIO, Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 25240-005, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-6584-4875

Funding

Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa do estado do Rio de Janeiro E-26/210.124/2021Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa do estado do Rio de Janeiro E-26/211.058/2021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, has led to over seven million deaths worldwide prior to May 2025. Despite widespread vaccination programs, COVID-19 remains a persistent global health challenge, underscoring the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Orientin is a flavonoid with reported antiviral activity, though its potential against SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate whether Orientin interacts with the viral Spike protein and impacts viral replication. Molecular docking simulations using DockThor were employed to predict the binding affinity between Orientin and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike protein. Fluorescence spectroscopy assays were performed to assess direct interactions between Orientin and the trimeric form of the Spike protein. Additionally, cytotoxicity and viral replication assays were carried out in Vero cells to evaluate Orientin's antiviral effects. Docking results indicated that Orientin likely binds to key RBD residues involved in ACE2 receptor recognition. Spectroscopic analyses showed a decrease in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, suggesting direct interaction. Orientin demonstrated no cytotoxicity in Vero cells and exhibited moderate inhibition of viral replication. These findings suggest that Orientin interacts with critical regions of the Spike protein and may act as a moderate in vitro inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2, warranting further investigation into its therapeutic potential.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsFlavonoidsGlucosidesSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAnimalsBinding SitesChlorocebus aethiopsHumansMolecular Docking SimulationProtein BindingVero CellsVirus ReplicationAntiviral AgentsFlavonoidsGlucosidesorientinSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2antiviral activitymolecular dockingOrientinSARS-CoV-2spike protein

Identifiers

PMID41600826
PMCPMC12846643

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.