Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41600541›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Cybersecurity in Radio Frequency Technologies: A Scientometric and Systematic Review with Implications for IoT and Wireless Applications.

Patrícia Rodrigues de Araújo, José Antônio Moreira de Rezende, Décio Rennó de Mendonça Faria, Otávio de Souza Martins Gomes

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Patrícia Rodrigues de AraújoSystems Engineering and Information Technology Institute, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0001-9886-6560
José Antônio Moreira de RezendeSystems Engineering and Information Technology Institute, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5301-0745
Décio Rennó de Mendonça FariaSystems Engineering and Information Technology Institute, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-1232-0258
Otávio de Souza Martins GomesSystems Engineering and Information Technology Institute, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2478-3746

Funding

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Clavis Information Security (FINEP/Plat-Ciber) 03.23.0517.00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cybersecurity in radio frequency (RF) technologies has become a critical concern, driven by the expansion of connected systems in urban and industrial environments. Although research on wireless networks and the Internet of Things (IoT) has advanced, comprehensive studies that provide a global and integrated view of cybersecurity development in this field remain limited. This work presents a scientometric and systematic review of international publications from 2009 to 2025, integrating the PRISMA protocol with semantic screening supported by a Large Language Model to enhance classification accuracy and reproducibility. The analysis identified two interdependent axes: one focusing on signal integrity and authentication in GNSS systems and cellular networks; the other addressing the resilience of IoT networks, both strongly associated with spoofing and jamming, as well as replay, relay, eavesdropping, and man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. The results highlight the relevance of RF cybersecurity in securing communication infrastructures and expose gaps in widely adopted technologies such as RFID, NFC, BLE, ZigBee, LoRa, Wi-Fi, and unlicensed ISM bands, as well as in emerging areas like terahertz and 6G. These gaps directly affect the reliability and availability of IoT and wireless communication systems, increasing security risks in large-scale deployments such as smart cities and cyber-physical infrastructures.

Indexed as

cybersecurityinternet of things (IoT)radio frequency (RF)scientometric analysiswireless communication

Identifiers

PMID41600541
PMCPMC12846310

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.