ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Monocular Near-Infrared Optical Tracking with Retroreflective Fiducial Markers for High-Accuracy Image-Guided Surgery.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Implementation of monocular near-infrared camera tracking in MRI and CT navigation systems.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Image-guided surgical procedures demand tracking systems that combine high accuracy, low latency, and minimal footprint to ensure safe and precise navigation in the operating room. To address these requirements, we developed a monocular optical tracking system based on a single near-infrared camera with directional illumination and compact retroreflective markers designed for short-range measurement. Small dodecahedral markers carrying fiducial patterns on each face were fabricated to enable robust detection in confined and variably illuminated surgical environments. Their non-metallic construction ensures compatibility with CT and MRI, and they can be sterilized using standard autoclave procedures. Multiple fiducial families, detection strategies, and optical hardware configurations were systematically assessed to optimize accuracy, depth of field, and latency. Among the evaluated options, the ArUco MIP_36h12 family provided the best overall performance, yielding a translational error of 0.44 ± 0.20 mm and a rotational error of 0.35 ± 0.16° across a working distance of 30-70 cm, based on static position estimates, with a total system latency of 32 ± 8 ms. These results indicate that the proposed system offers a compact, versatile, and precise solution suitable for high-accuracy navigated and image-guided surgery.
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Registered trials
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