ArticleNutrients2026
Cluster-Based Evaluation of Dietary Guideline Adherence and Food Literacy Among Adolescents: Implications for Tailored Diets.
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdolescence is a formative period for lifelong dietary patterns, yet Korean adolescents show low fruit and vegetable intake, high sugar and sodium consumption, and rising obesity, highlighting the importance of multidimensional assessment that integrates behavioral, cultural, environmental, and competency-related factors.
methodsA total of 1010 adolescents aged 12-18 years completed an online cross-sectional survey assessing food intake, dietary and physical activity behaviors, dietary culture, and Food Literacy (FL) competencies. Standardized scores were used for hierarchical and K-means clustering to identify dietary practice patterns, and between-cluster differences were examined using ANOVA. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between Dietary Guideline Adherence (DGA) and FL.
resultsFour clusters were identified-selective intake-low support (20.4%), regular habits-unbalanced intake (33.3%), high adherence (23.2%), and low adherence (23.1%)-with significant differences in DGA total and domain scores (
conclusionsAdolescent diet quality appears to be associated with behavioral, cultural, and competency-related factors. These findings suggest that cluster-specific strategies-such as fat-sugar-sodium reduction, promotion of low-sodium and diverse diets, and maintenance of balanced-dietary patterns-may support tailored school- and community-based nutrition programs and inform further longitudinal and intervention research.
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