Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41599474›Full record

ArticlePolymers2026

Transition Behavior in Blended Material Large Format Additive Manufacturing.

James Brackett, Elijah Charles, Matthew Charles, Ethan Strickland, Nina Bhat, Tyler Smith, Vlastimil Kunc, Chad Duty

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

James BrackettThe Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8612-997X
Elijah CharlesDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Matthew CharlesDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Ethan StricklandDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-7625-3879
Nina BhatDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Tyler SmithManufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
Vlastimil KuncManufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
Chad DutyThe Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4340-7962

Funding

United States Department of Energy DE-AC05-00OR22725.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large-Format Additive Manufacturing (LFAM) offers the ability to 3D print composites at multi-meter scale and high throughput by utilizing a screw-based extrusion system that is compatible with pelletized feedstock. As such, LFAM systems like the Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM) system provide a pathway for incorporating AM techniques into industry-scale production. Despite significant growth in LFAM techniques and usage in recent years, typical Multi-Material (MM) techniques induce weak points at discrete material boundaries and encounter a higher frequency of delamination failures. A novel dual-hopper configuration was developed for the BAAM platform to enable in situ switching between material feedstocks that creates a graded transition region in the printed part. This research studied the influence of extrusion screw speed, component design, transition direction, and material viscosity on the transition behavior. Material transitions were monitored using compositional analysis as a function of extruded volume and modeled using a standard Weibull cumulative distribution function (CDF). Screw speed had a negligible influence on transition behavior, but averaging the Weibull CDF parameters of transitions printed using the same configurations demonstrated that designs intended to improve mixing increased the size of the blended material region. Further investigation showed that the relative difference and change in complex viscosity influenced the size of the blended region. These results indicate that tunable properties and material transitions can be achieved through selection and modification of composite feedstocks and their complex viscosities.

Indexed as

Additive Manufacturinglarge-formatmulti-materialthermoplastic composites

Identifiers

PMID41599474
PMCPMC12845836

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.