Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41599008›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Deciphering the Natural Reassortment Dynamics of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus, Isolated from Field Outbreaks in Southern India, Through Complete Genome Sequencing.

Raja Paramasivam, Megan Justice, Tuticorin Maragatham Alagesan Senthilkumar, Manoharan Parthiban, Ardhanary Thangavelu, Angappan Mangala Gowri, Ramasamy Bharathi, Hong Hwang, Jerry Malayer, Samuel Pushparaj

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Raja ParamasivamDepartment of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 007, India.ORCID 0000-0001-7365-1806
Megan JusticeNext Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74075, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5158-1720
Tuticorin Maragatham Alagesan SenthilkumarDepartment of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 007, India.
Manoharan ParthibanDepartment of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 007, India.
Ardhanary ThangaveluDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 007, India.
Angappan Mangala GowriCentralized Instrumentation Laboratory, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 007, India.
Ramasamy BharathiCentral University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 051, India.
Hong HwangNext Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74075, USA.
Jerry MalayerDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74075, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6955-8374
Samuel PushparajNext Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74075, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5746-280X

Funding

the Indian Council of Agricultural Research funding in the form of Niche Area of Excellence on Molecular Diagnostics and Vaccines for Avian Diseases in Animal Biotechnology. grant no. 21141
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present study was carried out to analyze the complete genome sequences of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates obtained from field outbreaks in the southern regions of India. Bursal tissue samples were collected and screened by RT-PCR, targeting the VP2 gene. Positive samples were subjected to serological identification via AGID. Following this, eight samples (BGE14, BGE15, MDI14, THI14, EDE14, RPM14, VCN14, and NKL14) were subjected to virus isolation in 9 to 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs, and their complete genomes were sequenced. Analysis of the VP2 hypervariable region (HVR) revealed that all eight isolates had five unique and highly conserved amino acids (A222, I242, Q249, I256, and S299). However, all the isolates reveal a substitution of Isoleucine by Valine at residue 294 (I294V). Furthermore, analysis of segment B from all Indian IBDV sequences revealed that the triplet amino acid pattern was NEG (residues 145-147) and the amino acid at position 242 was consistently D across all isolates. These findings suggest that segment B of the isolates in this study resembled that of vaccine strains and non-vvIBDV strains. Additionally, the presence of the signature D242 in all Indian isolates, characteristic of non-vvIBDV strains, implies a potential attenuation. Moreover, in the phylogenetic analysis of VP2-HVR, all isolates clustered with very virulent reference strains, while segment B clustered with classical attenuated strains. Notably, the phylogenetic analysis of VP2-HVR and VP1 of these viruses demonstrated genetic variances, suggesting evolutionary changes in segment B across all eight Indian isolates, likely indicative of natural genome reassortment resulting in these specific outbreaks in the flocks.

Indexed as

Birnaviridae InfectionsDisease OutbreaksGenome, ViralInfectious bursal disease virusPoultry DiseasesReassortant VirusesAnimalsChickensIndiaPhylogenyViral Structural ProteinsWhole Genome SequencingViral Structural ProteinsVP2 protein, infectious bursal disease viruscomplete genome sequencinggenetic diversityIndiainfectious bursal disease virusphylogenetic analysisreassortmentrecombination

Identifiers

PMID41599008
PMCPMC12845039

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.