ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
The Influence of PVDF Membrane Ageing on the Efficiency of Bacterial Rejection During the Ultrafiltration Treatment of Carwash Wastewater.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
This study investigated the influence of two years of ultrafiltration (UF) on the separation properties of tubular polyvinylidene fluoride membranes used for treating carwash wastewater, particularly with regard to bacterial rejection. Fouling was mitigated by washing the membranes with alkaline cleaning agents (pH > 11.5). Repeated applications of these agents enlarged the membrane pores to approximately 300 nm. This affected bacterial retention, and for feed containing bacteria (determined as colony-forming units, CFU) at a concentration of 3.11 × 10
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