ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2025
The Role of Screentime and Family Resiliency in Overweight/Obesity in Children and Children with Developmental Disabilities Before and During COVID-19.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesThis study examines factors associated with child overweight/obesity (OW/OB), pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic, among all U.S. children aged 10-17 years, with or without developmental disabilities (DD) and, separately, among the subgroup of children diagnosed with a DD.
methodsUsing data from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH, 2018-2021), we applied descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios of associations between family resilience, screen time, and childhood overweight/obesity. Family resilience measures families' communication and problem-solving behaviors. Screentime is time spent on TV, computer, cellphone or electronic devices.
resultsIn descriptive analyses, during COVID-19, 35.8% of all children were identified as OW/OB compared to 32.8% pre-COVID-19-a weighted increase of 3.0%. Among children with developmental disabilities, OW/OB increased from 37.4% to 39.3%. Children reporting ≥4 h of screentime use increased from pre-COVID-19 to during COVID-19 in both groups (All Children: pre-COVID: 33.5%, during COVID: 41.6%; Developmental Disabilities: pre-COVID: 39.9%, during COVID: 49.4%). Among all children, there was a positive and strong association between screentime use and OW/OB at both pre- and during COVID-19 years. Children belonging to households with low family resiliency had 1.31 times the odds of being overweight/obese (95% CI, 1.06-1.63,
conclusionsPrevalence of overweight/obesity in all children and children with DD during the COVID-19 pandemic continued to rise. Screentime was found to be a key determinant in increased weight status. Contrary to our hypothesis, family resilience failed to emerge as a significant protective factor for OW/OB; additional research is needed to explore the protective role of family resiliency on childhood obesity. Study findings may provide insights into developing best practices and tailored interventions with early OW/OB screening and programs tailored towards the youngest group of children aged 10-12 years or below.
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