ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Multi-Marker Evaluation of Creatinine, Cystatin C and β2-Microglobulin for GFR Estimation in Stage 3-4 CKD Using the 2021 CKD-EPI Equations.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- From Biomarkers to Biosensors: Transforming Comorbidity Management in Dialysis Care.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease in which accurate estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for staging and guiding therapy. Serum creatinine is widely used but influenced by non-renal factors, while cystatin C and β2-microglobulin (β2M) may provide complementary information related to filtration and tubular or inflammatory factors. This study compared the discriminatory performance of creatinine, cystatin C and β2M for separating CKD stage 3 from stage 4 within the 2021 CKD-EPI eGFR framework in 45 adults with CKD stages 3-4. CKD stage classification was defined using the 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine and creatinine-cystatin C equations (eGFRcr, eGFRcr-cys) with a threshold of 30 mL/min/1.73 m
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