Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41595933›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2026

Statewide Assessment of Public Park Accessibility and Usability and Playground Safety.

Iva Obrusnikova, Cora J Firkin, Riley Pennington, India Dixon, Cole Bilbrough

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Iva ObrusnikovaDepartment of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6098-453X
Cora J FirkinDepartment of Health Behavior and Nutrition Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
Riley PenningtonDepartment of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
India DixonDepartment of Medical and Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
Cole BilbroughEnglish Department, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Funding

Predictive Modeling & Optimal Control Framework for Model-Based Epidemic Response in DelawareP20GM103446 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI MELINDA K DUNCAN · 2012 to 2026
$67.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103446
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accessible and inclusive community environments support physical activity and health equity for people with disabilities, yet gaps in design, maintenance, and communication limit safe, independent use. This statewide cross-sectional audit assessed park accessibility and usability and playground safety in publicly accessible, non-fee-based Delaware community parks with playgrounds. Fifty stratified sites were evaluated using the Community Health Inclusion Index and the America's Playgrounds Safety Report Card by trained raters with strong interrater reliability. Descriptive analyses summarized accessibility, usability, communication, and safety features by county, with exploratory urban-suburban/micropolitan contrasts. Most sites provided wide, smooth paths, shade, and strong playground visibility, but foundational accessibility varied. Only 30% had a nearby transit stop, fewer than 10% of crossings included auditory or visual signals. Curb-ramp completeness was inconsistent, with detectable warnings frequently absent. Restrooms commonly lacked low-force doors or operable hardware, and multi-use trails often had obstacles or lacked wayfinding supports. Playground accessibility features were present at approximately two-thirds of sites, and 62% were classified as safe, although 10% were potentially hazardous or at-risk. Higher playground accessibility scores were strongly associated with lower life-threatening injury risk. Overall, gaps in transit access, pedestrian infrastructure, amenities, and communication support limit equitable, health-supportive park environments and highlight priority improvement areas.

Indexed as

Environment DesignParks, RecreationalPlay and PlaythingsSafetyArchitectural AccessibilityCross-Sectional StudiesDelawareHumansaccessibilitybuilt environmentdisability inclusionhealth equityplaygroundspublic parkssafetyuniversal designusability

Identifiers

PMID41595933
PMCPMC12841489

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.