Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41595518›Full record

ArticleGenes2026

Molecular Analysis Based on Fine-Needle Aspiration Washout Samples in Thyroid Nodules.

Sevgül Fakı, Cevdet Aydın, Şefika Burçak Polat, Gülsüm Karahmetli, Ahmet Cevdet Ceylan, Mustafa Altan, Ayşegül Aksoy Altınboğa, Bülent Çomçalı, Oya Topaloğlu, Reyhan Ersoy and 1 more

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Article in Genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sevgül FakıDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-1856-1263
Cevdet AydınDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.
Şefika Burçak PolatDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.
Gülsüm KarahmetliDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-5883-3545
Ahmet Cevdet CeylanDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-4938-3420
Mustafa AltanDepartment of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-8998-3087
Ayşegül Aksoy AltınboğaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.
Bülent ÇomçalıDepartment of General Surgery, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Türkiye.
Oya TopaloğluDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.
Reyhan ErsoyDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.
Bekir ÇakırDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMolecular testing is recommended to refine risk stratification in indeterminate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III-IV), but data on dual-gene (BRAF and RAS) testing using fresh FNA washout specimens are limited. We aimed to evaluate the performance of BRAF and RAS mutation analysis from fresh thyroid FNA washout material, with a focus on indeterminate cytology.

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 1139 patients who underwent washout-based molecular testing between May 2022 and October 2024 at a tertiary endocrine center. Of these, 307 had available histopathologic results after surgery. Primary outcomes were sample adequacy, mutation spectrum, and diagnostic metrics (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy). Analyses were repeated under two assumptions that classified borderline/low-risk neoplasms as benign vs. malignant, and within the Bethesda III-IV subset.

resultsAdequate material for molecular analysis was obtained in 1037/1139 samples (90.9%). In the operated cohort (

conclusionsOur findings extend current diagnostic approaches by showing that dual-gene (BRAF and RAS) testing from fresh FNA washouts is technically feasible (≥90% adequacy) and provides high specificity with modest sensitivity for malignancy in indeterminate nodules. In settings lacking comprehensive commercial panels, this low-complexity approach offers a practical adjunct to cytology and imaging for preoperative decision-making.

Indexed as

Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafThyroid NeoplasmsThyroid NoduleAdultAgedBiopsy, Fine-NeedleDNA Mutational AnalysisFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMutationRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityBRAF protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafBethesda III–IVBRAFdiagnostic accuracyFNA washoutindeterminate cytologymolecular testingRASthyroid nodule

Identifiers

PMID41595518
PMCPMC12841455

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.