ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
The Impact of Test Anxiety and Cognitive Stress on Error-Related Brain Activity.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Bedtime Procrastination and Attention as Serial Mediators Between Premenstrual Syndrome and Test Anxiety in Nursing College Students: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Test anxiety is considered to affect individuals' cognitive control and task performance, particularly in error monitoring. While previous research has explored the relationship between anxiety and cognitive performance, this study aims to investigate the impact of test anxiety and cognitive stress on error processing, focusing on changes in error-related negativity (ERN). Participants were divided into high test anxiety (HTA) and low test anxiety (LTA) groups based on their scores on the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS). Cognitive stress was induced by administering the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices test, accompanied by instructions that emphasized score comparison with others. Participants completed the Subjective Test Anxiety Scale (STAS), the Short State Anxiety Inventory (SSAI), and a Flanker task before and after the stress manipulation. The effectiveness of the stress manipulation was confirmed by significant increases in STAS and SSAI scores and changes in behavioral performance. EEG data were recorded to analyze ERN, correct-response negativity (CRN), and ΔERN (ERN minus the CRN) amplitudes. HTA individuals exhibited a trend toward larger ERN amplitudes than LTA counterparts, indicating heightened sensitivity to errors. However, no significant changes in ERN amplitudes were observed between pre- and post-stress conditions. CRN and ΔERN amplitudes also showed no significant differences across anxiety groups or stress conditions. ERN changes appear to be more closely related to trait test anxiety than to transient stress.
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