Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41594864›Full record

ReviewBiology2026

A Review of Phytoplankton Sinking Rates: Mechanisms, Methodologies, and Biogeochemical Implications.

Jie Zhu, Jiahong Cheng, Jiangning Zeng, Wei Zhang, Chenggang Liu, Kokoette Sunday Effiong, Qiang Hao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jie ZhuOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.ORCID 0009-0009-1752-4672
Jiahong ChengSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.ORCID 0009-0000-8212-2500
Jiangning ZengOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
Wei ZhangSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Chenggang LiuSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Kokoette Sunday EffiongMarine Biology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Uyo P.O. Box 1167, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0002-5994-2022
Qiang HaoSecond Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2145-2703

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFC3101702National Natural Science Foundation of China U23A2033the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang 2023C03120
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phytoplankton sinking is a pivotal process within the biological carbon pump that drives the vertical transport of organic carbon in the ocean. Its rates and underlying mechanisms directly influence the efficiency of the global carbon cycle and the potential for long-term sequestration. This review synthesizes current knowledge of phytoplankton sinking, encompassing buoyancy regulation mechanisms, environmental and physiological controls, methodological approaches such as settling column (SETCOL), and comparative evidence from laboratory and field studies. The aim is to elucidate the regulatory processes governing sinking and to provide a foundation for improving ecological models and refining estimates of carbon export. Evidence demonstrates that sinking rates vary considerably among phytoplankton groups, with nutrient limitation and aggregation emerging as critical modulators of export efficiency. By integrating results from experimental and in situ research, this review identifies unresolved questions and highlights priority areas: (1) quantitative coupling between aggregation and carbon flux; (2) mechanistic understanding of group-specific sinking responses; (3) integration of novel technologies, including in situ imaging and high-resolution modeling with established methods; and (4) development of interdisciplinary frameworks. Overall, this review consolidates current knowledge and underscores phytoplankton sinking as a crucial yet insufficiently resolved process within the marine carbon cycle.

Indexed as

aggregationbiological carbon pumpphytoplanktonSETCOLsinking rates

Identifiers

PMID41594864
PMCPMC12837670

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.