ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Nitrogen Source-Carbohydrate Synchronization in Ruminant Nutrition: A Systematic Review.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioprocessing of mixed oil palm by-products with single and consortium white-rot fungi: Effects on nutritional quality, in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, and rumen microbial populations.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Effects of feeding pelleted complete diets containing palm fronds on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intraruminal fermentation, rumen histomorphology, carcass traits, and economic profitability in Awassi lambs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The synchronization between nitrogen sources and carbohydrate fractions represents a critical factor for optimizing microbial protein synthesis and overall ruminant performance. This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, comprehensively evaluated the interactions between different nitrogen sources (true protein, urea, controlled-release urea, and bypass amino acids) and carbohydrate fractions (rapidly degrading soluble, slowly degrading soluble, fibrous, non-fibrous, and Van Soest fractions) in ruminant nutrition. A comprehensive search across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus databases identified 1855 records, of which 164 studies met the eligibility criteria for qualitative synthesis and 89 for quantitative meta-analysis. The review reveals that synchronization effectiveness varies significantly depending on the nitrogen source-carbohydrate combination, with controlled-release urea showing superior synchrony with slowly degrading carbohydrates, while conventional urea performs better with rapidly degrading sources. Meta-analytical results indicate that optimal nitrogen-carbohydrate synchronization can improve microbial protein synthesis by 18-34%, reduce urinary nitrogen excretion by 12-28%, and enhance feed efficiency by 8-15%. These findings provide evidence-based recommendations for precision nutrition strategies in ruminant production systems.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.